Base Oils

Base Oils

Base Oils are refined petroleum or synthetic substances used as the primary ingredient in the formulation of lubricants, greases, and other industrial fluids. They form the foundation of most lubricants, providing viscosity, thermal stability, and oxidation resistance.

Types of Base Oils

Group I (Solvent-Refined Mineral Oils):

  • Derived through solvent extraction.
  • Moderate performance with higher sulfur and aromatic content.
  • Commonly used in industrial lubricants and greases.

Group II (Hydrotreated Mineral Oils):

  • Processed using hydrocracking for better purity.
  • Lower sulfur and aromatic content than Group I.
  • Excellent thermal and oxidation stability.
  • Widely used in automotive and industrial lubricants.

Group III (Highly Refined Mineral Oils):

  • Processed through severe hydrocracking and dewaxing.
  • Comparable to synthetic oils in performance.
  • Typically used in high-performance lubricants.

Group IV (Polyalphaolefins or PAOs):

  • Fully synthetic oils with consistent molecular structures.
  • Superior thermal stability and performance in extreme temperatures.
  • Commonly used in high-end automotive and industrial applications.

Group V (Other Synthetic Oils):

  • Includes esters, polyalkylene glycols (PAGs), and silicones.
  • Specialized applications like compressor fluids, biodegradable lubricants, and aviation oils.
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